Standard Cross-Nkyerɛkyerɛmu: Nkyekyɛmu a ɛyɛ pɛ ma SPA-H, Q355GNH, ne S355J0WP

Dade a ɛma wim tebea yɛ mmerɛw, a wɔsan frɛ no wim nsɛe-dade a ɛko tia nsɛe no, nya ahoɔden a ɛko tia nsɛe a ɛkɔ soro denam nneɛma pɔtee a wɔde afrafra a wɔde ka carbon dade a ɛnyɛ den ho no so. Saa nneɛma a wɔde ka ho yi ma wotumi yɛ oxide rust a ɛyɛ den na ɛyɛ den wɔ abɔde mu nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia mu, a ɛko tia nsu a ɛtɔ fi nneɛma a ɛsɛe te sɛ wim nsu ne po mu wim tebea mu yiye, na ɛnam so ma dade no nkwa nna trɛw kɛse. SPA-H, Q355GNH, ne S355J0WP yɛ dade abiɛsa a wɔde di dwuma kɛse a wɔde di dwuma kɛse wɔ wim tebea mu wɔ mfiridwuma mu. Wɔn mu no, Q355GNH ne S355J0WP wɔ nkitahodi a ɛne no sɛ a ɛda adi pefee. Sɛ Japanfoɔ gyinapɛn abasobɔdeɛ no, SPA-H nso ne mmienu no hyia kɛseɛ wɔ dwumadie tebea ne adwumayɛ titire mu. Saa krataa yi yɛ ntotoho nhwehwɛmu a ɛkɔ akyiri a ɛfa adesuakuw abiɛsa no ho fi adwene a ɛfa nnuru a ɛwɔ mu, mfiridwuma mu su atitiriw, tebea horow a ɛfata, ne akwan a wɔfa so de di dwuma ho, na ɛma wonya nkyerɛkyerɛmu a wɔde paw mfiridwuma mu nneɛma.

1. Abasobɔde Mfiase ne Abusuabɔ a Ɛyɛ Pɛ ho Nkyerɛase

Na thre noe grades yɛ gyinapɛn nhyehyɛe ahorow dea, na wogyina nnuru a ɛwɔ mu, mfiridwuma mu su, ne dwumadie tebea a ɛka bom so titire na ɛkyerɛ sɛnea ɛyɛ pɛ:

• SPA-H: Wonya fii Japanfo Mfiridwuma Gyinapɛn JIS G 3125 mu, na ɛyɛ dade a wɔde yɛ adan a ɛma wim tebea yɛ mmerɛw, a wɔde di dwuma titiriw ma adan no mu nneɛma te sɛ adan, abɔnten so adan, ne kar ahorow a wim nsɛe.
• Q355GNH na ɛyɛ adwuma: Wɔde dii dwuma sɛnea China Ɔman Gyinapɛn GB/T 4171-2008 kyerɛ no, ɛyɛ dade a wɔde aduru a ɛba fam-ayɛ, a ahoɔden kɛse wom a ɛma wim tebea yɛ mmerɛw. Wɔayɛ no foforɔ afiri kan Q345GNH grade no mu, ɛne aba ahoɔden dodoɔ a ɛyɛ 355 MPa hyia na ɛyɛ grade titire wɔ China weathering steel field.
• S355J0WP na ɛwɔ hɔ: Ɛne Europa Gyinapɛn EN 10025-5 hyia na ɛka "W" (wim tebea) ntoatoaso a ɛyɛ wim tebea ho dade a wɔde yɛ adansi ho nhyehyɛe no ho. "J0" gyina hɔ ma nsunsuansoɔ a ɛyɛ den grade (nsunsuansoɔ ahoɔden Kɛseɛ anaa ɛne 27 J yɛ pɛ wɔ 0 digrii ). Ne aba ahoɔden dodow no ne Q355GNH hyia, na ɛma grade abien no yɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ a wobetumi de adi dwuma de asesa wɔ EU nnwuma ne ɔman no mu amannɔne nnwuma a ɛfa amannɔne ho wɔ China.

Sɛ yɛhwɛ sɛnea ɛyɛ pɛ a, Q355GNH ne S355J0WP yɛ China ɔman gyinapɛn ne Europa gyinapɛn no mfɛfo tẽẽ. Ɛwom sɛ SPA-H nni abasobɔde a ɛne no hyia pɛpɛɛpɛ wɔ China anaa Europa gyinapɛn ahorow mu de, nanso wɔtaa bu no sɛ ade a ɛne no sɛ nea wɔde si ananmu wɔ mfiridwuma a wɔde di dwuma mu esiane nnuru a ɛte saa ara, mfiridwuma mu su ahorow, ne nea ɛka bom kɛse ntiapplication scenarios ne adesuakuw abien a aka no.

2. Nnuru a Wɔde Yɛ Nneɛma Titiriw a Wɔde Toto Ho

Na corr no yɛ adwumaosion resistance of weathering steel fi titiriw fi alloying elements te sɛ Cu, Cr ne Ni a wɔde ka ho. Wɔayɛ nnuru a ɛwɔ afã abiɛsa no nyinaa a egyina "plain carbon steel + corrosion-resistant alloying elements" nhyehyɛe no so. Nsonsonoeɛ pɔtee no wɔakyerɛ wɔ pon a ɛdidi soɔ yi so (Hyɛ no nsow: Nneɛma a ɛwɔ mu no nyinaa yɛ mass fractions, wɔ %) mu.

Nneɛma a wɔahyehyɛ no ntotoho no kyerɛ sɛ nneɛma a ɛwɔ mu a ɛwɔ core corrosion-resistant elements (Cu, Cr, P) a ɛwɔ grades abiɛsa no mu no yɛ nea ɛkɔ so pɛpɛɛpɛ titiriw, a ɛno ne nnyinaso titiriw a ɛma wɔn corrosion resistance a ɛne no sɛ no yɛ pɛ. Nsonsonoeɛ titire no da Mn dodoɔ a ɛwɔ mu (a ɛwɔ soro anohyetoɔ a ɛkorɔn ma S355J0WP) ne soro anohyetoɔ a ɛwɔ C mu (a ɛba fam ma S355J0WP), a ɛno nso de nsonsonoeɛ kakra ba wɔ toughness neweldability wɔ grades abiɛsa no mu.

3. Mfiridwuma mu Nneɛma Titiriw a Wɔde Toto Ho

Mfiridwuma mu nneɛmaagyapade ne nneɛma atitiriw a ɛkyerɛ sɛnea wɔde dade di dwuma. Wɔde grade abiɛsa no nyinaa asi hɔ sɛ medium-high strength weathering steels, a aba ahoɔden dodow bɛyɛ 355 MPa. Wɔde mfiridwuma mu su pɔtee no toto ho sɛnea edidi so yi (Hyɛ no nsow: Nhwɛsode ahorow no wɔ ɔhyew-rolled tebea mu a ne kɛse sua sen anaasɛ ɛne 16 mm yɛ pɛ).

Adwumayɛ ntotoho mu nhwehwɛmu: Nea edi kan no, ahoɔden a ɛma aba ne ahoɔden a ɛtwetwe no ntam kwan yɛ nea ɛka bom kɛse. SPA-H ahoɔden a ɛma aba no anohyeto a ɛwɔ fam no sua kakra (345 MPa), nanso wɔ mfiridwuma a wɔde di dwuma mu no, ne mfiridwuma mu su taa tumi du 355 MPa grade, a ɛnka ne dwumadie a ɛne no sɛ no. Nea ɛto so abien no, elongation rates no nyinaa di plastic ahwehwɛde ahorow a ɛwɔ structure components mu no ho dwuma, na nsonsonoe no sua koraa. Nea ɛtɔ so mmiɛnsa, nsonsonoeɛ kɛseɛ wɔ nsunsuansoɔ a ɛyɛ den mu: Q355GNH na ɛwɔ sɔhwɛ mu hyeɛ a ɛba fam koraa (-20℃) ne nsunsuansoɔ ahoɔden a ɛkorɔn sen biara ( Ɛboro anaasɛ ɛyɛ pɛ 34 J), a ɛkyerɛ sɛ ɛwɔ ahoɔden a ɛba fam a ɛyɛ den yie na ɛfata ma mmeaeɛ a awɔw wom S355J0WP wɔ nkɛntɛnso sɔhwɛɔhyew a ɛyɛ digrii 0 ne SPA-H yɛ digrii -10 , na ɔhyew a ɛba fam a ɛyɛ den a ɛwɔ abien no nyinaa mu no sua kakra sen Q355GNH de no.

4. Akwan a Wɔde Di Dwuma ne Nsɛm a Wɔde Di Dwuma a Wɔde Toto Ho

Wɔn a wɔyɛ adesuakuw abiɛsa nos no titire no hyia w akwan a wfa so de di dwuma (mfiridwuma a wfa so di dwuma, akwan a wfa so di nkitaho, ahobanb a whwehw) na ww dwumadie tebea a wde di dwuma a wde di dwuma w nsm a wde di dwuma a wde di dwuma w nsmfua a wde di dwuma no fã bi pɛ na wsi so dua esiane nsonsonoe a w nhyehye a wde di dwuma mu ne dwumadie kakra ntinsakrae ahorow:

(1) Akwan a Wɔtaa Fa so De Di Dwuma

• Nneɛma a Wɔde Di Dwuma Technology ho adesua: Grade abiɛsa no nyinaa wɔ ɔhyew ne awɔw mu dwumadie su pa na ɛtumi fa rolling, bending, stamping, shearing ne dwumadie foforɔ mu. Bere a wɔreyɛ adwuma no, ɛsɛ sɛ wɔkwati ɔhyew a ɛboro so na amma nneɛma a wɔde afrafra no anhwere ɔhyew, na ɛno bɛka sɛnea ɛko tia nsɛe.
• Akwan a Wɔfa so Yɛ Nkitahodi: Boa amanne kwan so nkitahodi akwan te sɛ welding ne bolted nkitahodi. Sɛ wopɛ sɛ wobɔ welding a, wɔkamfo kyerɛ sɛ wɔmfa hydrogen electrodes a ɛba fam-di dwuma (sɛ nhwɛso no, E5015-G). Ansa na wɔbɛbɔ welding no, ɛsɛ sɛ woyi nkannare ne ngo a ɛwɔ groove no so no fi hɔ. Sɛ wɔyɛ welding wie a, ɛsɛ sɛ wɔhohoro welding slag no ho wɔ bere a ɛsɛ mu, na sɛ ɛho hia a, ɛsɛ sɛ wɔyɛ post-weld stress relief treatment na wɔakwati welding mu mpaapaemu.
• Ahobammɔ a Wɔhwehwɛ: Mfaso titiriw a ɛwɔ dade a ɛma wim tebea yɛ mmerɛw so ne "a ɛko tia nsɛe a wɔmfa mfonini nhyɛ mu", a ɛma wotumi de di dwuma tẽẽ wɔ wim tebea horow a ɛnam abɔde mu nkannare so yɛ sini a ɛbɔ ho ban. Sɛ wɔde di dwuma wɔ po mu mmeae a ɛporɔw kɛse anaa mmeae a wɔato mu a ɛhɔ yɛ nwini kɛse a, wɔkamfo phosphating a wɔde fluorocarbon paint a wɔde kata so ka ho kyerɛsɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wɔbɛtrɛw ɔsom nkwa nna a ɛko tia corrosion-resistant no mu bio.

(2) Nsonsonoe ne Nneɛma a Wosi So dua wɔ Nsɛm a Wɔde Di Dwuma Mu

• SPA-H: Titiriw nowɔde di dwuma wɔ mfiridwuma ho nnwuma mu wɔ Japan ne Asia Kesee Fam Apuei. Wɔ China no, wɔtaa de di dwuma wɔ kar chassis a Japanfo kar yɛfo, nsukorade, hyɛn gyinabea mfiri, ne nea ɛkeka ho Esiane ne medium medium-low temperature toughness (-10℃) nti, ɛfata kɛse ma mmeae a ɛhɔ yɛ hyew ne subtropical.
• Q355GNH na ɛyɛ adwuma: Sɛ́ ɔman no gyinapɛn grade no, ɛyɛ dade a wɔde di dwuma kɛse wɔ China, a wɔde di dwuma wɔ adansi adan ho (sɛ nhwɛso no, dade a ɛma wim tebea yɛ adwuma wɔ asase so abɔntenban, adwumayɛbea adansi nnua), abɔnten so mfiridwuma (kwan akɛse so abɔntenban nketewa ne akɛse-kɛse, keteke kwan so abɔntenban), adansi mfiri (abantenten krane, krane), ne nea ɛkeka ho Ne ɔhyew a ɛba fam-a ɛyɛ den yiye a ɛma ɛyɛ den sɛ wɔde bedi dwuma kɛse wɔ mmeae a awɔw wom te sɛ China Atifi Apuei ne China Atifi fam Atɔe.
• S355J0WP na ɛwɔ hɔ: Wɔde di dwuma titiriw wɔ EU nnwuma ne ɔman no mu amannɔne- nnwuma a ɛfa ho wɔ China, te sɛ China{1}}EU adwumayɛkuw bridges, adan, mframa turbine abantenten, ne nea ɛkeka ho With an impact test temperature of 0℃, it is more suitable for temperate regions. Sɛ wɔde di dwuma wɔ mmeae a awɔw wom a, ɛka honokwaredi a ɛfa ne low-ɔhyew nkɛntɛnso adwumayɛ ho hia na ama wɔahwɛ ahu sɛ ɛne ahwehwɛde ahorow no hyia.

5. Ahwɛyiye a Wɔbɛyɛ wɔ Nneɛma a Wɔde Si ananmu a Ɛyɛ Pɛ ho

Bere a selecting materials for engineering projects, ɛsɛ sɛ wɔhyɛ ahwɛyiye a edidi so yi nsow wɔ adesuakuw abiɛsa no a wɔde besi ananmu a ɛyɛ pɛ no ho:

• Fa Nneɛma a Wɔayɛ no Ho Nsɛm a Wɔadi So Di Kan: Sɛ nhyehyeɛ nwoma no kyerɛ gyinapɛn abasobɔdeɛ pɔtee bi pefee (sɛ nhwɛsoɔ no, S355J0WP ma Europa gyinapɛn nnwuma) a, ɛsɛ sɛ wɔde abasobɔdeɛ a ɛne no hyia no di kan. Sɛ ɛho hia sɛ wɔde nneɛma si ananmu a, ɛsɛ sɛ wɔde ntotoho amanneɛbɔ a ɛkɔ akyiri a ɛfa nnuru a ɛwɔ mu ne mfiri a ɛwɔ mu ho ma na adwiniyɛ kuw no pene so ansa na wɔde asi ananmu.
• Susuw Ambient Temperature a Wɔde Di Dwuma no ho: Wɔ mmeae a awɔw wom (ɔhyew a ɛba fam koraa a ennu anaasɛ ɛyɛ pɛ -20℃), ɛsɛ sɛ wɔde Q355GNH di kan, na ɛsɛ sɛ wɔkwati S355J0WP (a impact test wɔ 0℃). Wɔ mmeae a ɛhɔ yɛ hyew no, wobetumi de adesuakuw abiɛsa no asi ananmu wɔ ɔkwan a wɔpɛ so.
• Control Processing ne Welding Su a Ɛyɛ Fɛ: Sɛ wode substitution grades redi dwuma a, ɛsɛ sɛ processing technology ne welding parameters no kɔ so yɛ pɛ, na ɛnsɛ sɛ process ahwehwɛde ahorow no yɛ mmerɛw esiane grade substitution nti.
• Hwɛ sɛ Corrosion Resistance no yɛ nokware anaa: Sɛ wɔde di dwuma wɔ mmeae a ɛporɔw kɛse te sɛ po mu wim tebea ne mmeae a mfiridwuma mu efĩ wɔ a, ɛsɛ sɛ wɔfa akwan te sɛ nkyene a wɔde petepete so sɔhwɛ ansa na wɔde asi ananmu no so hwɛ sɛ nea wɔde si ananmu no ntumi nsɛe no na ama wɔahwɛ ahu sɛ ɛneahwehwɛde ahorow.

Awie

SPA-H, Q355GNH, na ɛwɔ hɔne S355J0WP nyinaa yɛ dadeɛ a ɛwɔ mfimfini-a ahoɔden kɛseɛ a ɛma wim tebea yɛ adwuma, a ɛwɔ nnuru titire a ɛyɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ (Cu, Cr, P) ne mfiridwuma mu su, a ɛyɛ grade nhyehyɛeɛ a ɛyɛ pɛ no dea. Wɔn mu bi ne sɛ, Q355GNH ne S355J0WP yɛ nsɛsoɔ tẽẽ a ɛda China ɔman gyinapɛn ne Europa gyinapɛn ntam, a wɔbɛtumi de adi dwuma de asesa wɔ mfiridwuma dodoɔ no ara mu. Ɛwom sɛ SPA-H yɛ Japanfo gyinapɛn grade deɛ, nanso wobetumi de adi dwuma sɛ ade a ɛyɛ pɛ a wɔde besi abien no ananmu esiane ne adwumayɛ a ɛne ne ho hyia ne application tebea horow a ɛka bom nti. Nsonsonoe titiriw a ɛwɔ adesuakuw abiɛsa no mu no gyina ɔhyew a ɛba fam-ɔhyew nkɛntɛnso a ɛyɛ den so: Q355GNH wɔ ɔhyew a ɛba fam-ɔhyew a ɛyɛ den sen biara na ɛfata ma mmeae a awɔw wom; S355J0WP ne SPA-H fata ma mmeae a ɛhɔ yɛ hyew ne mmeae a ɛhɔ yɛ hyew. Wɔ mfiridwuma a wɔde di dwuma mu no, ɛsɛ sɛ wogyina nneɛma te sɛ nhyehyɛe a wɔayɛ, ɔhyew a ɛwɔ baabi a wɔde di dwuma necorrosion grade de hwɛ hu sɛ ahobammɔ ne ahotoso a ɛne no sɛ substitution.

Wohia mmoa a wode bɛpaw dade a ɛfata a ɛbɛma wim tebea ayɛ yiye ama wo dwumadi no?

Sɛ wopaw nea ɛwɔ ntamSPA-H, Q355GNH, anaa S355J0WPɛfa nea ɛsen sɛ wobɛhwɛ grade din no ara kwa-ɛhwehwɛ sɛ wonya ntease a emu dɔ wɔ atwa yɛn ho ahyia hyew ne nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia a ɛyɛ nsɛe ho. Yɛn mfiridwuma kuw no betumi de nnuru nhwehwɛmu amanneɛbɔ a ɛkɔ akyiri ne mfiri adwumayɛ ho adansedi ama de ahwɛ ahu sɛ wo nsakrae no yɛ nea ahobammɔ wom na ɛho ka sua.

[Di Yɛn Engineers Di nkitaho na woanya Afotu a Wontua hwee].